type locality

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.

• noun Biology The place where a type specimen was captured, collected, or observed.
• noun Geology The place or region where a mineral, rock, series of rocks, or formation best exemplifies its type or standard description, often being the location where it was first found and recognized.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

• noun geology The location, usually where the first specimen was discovered, considered most representative of a mineral, formation etc.
• noun taxonomy The location where a nomenclatural or name-bearing type was collected.